Other Methods of Introduction

Nursery industry:

Nurseries, garden centers and mail-order catalogs sell non-native plants for gardens and ponds. Non-native plants are dispersed when discarded in landfills, public waterways, and when accidentally attached to other horticultural species.

Restaurants, seafood retail and processing:

Packing materials for live seafood such as seaweed and seawater contain a number of living organisms and provide an opportunity for species introductions when packing materials and shipping containers are disposed of improperly. Organisms living inside or on live seafood may pose an additional threat.

There are many other methods also possible routes for exotic species introductions. Can you think of some more?